Source / evidence system Demo data
Where every number comes from
The platform must never invent facts. Every figure carries a status stored in the registry: VERIFIED · ESTIMATED · DEMO · MODELLED · USER INPUT.
Global view
Worldwide sources by level
Kenya · full country profile. Figures are fetched live with source and year; anything not published stays MISSING, never zero or estimated.
| Source | Levels | Covers |
|---|---|---|
| World Bank World Development Indicators (live API) | National | 27 indicators, every country |
| IMF Government Finance Statistics (live API) | National · state/provincial · local (combined totals) | Revenue, expense, balance where reported to the IMF |
| geoBoundaries gbOpen (live API) | Provinces · districts · municipalities | Official unit names and boundaries, most countries |
| WTO RTAIS | National | Trade agreements worldwide |
Data quality
Tracked values
93
Source verified
31
33%
Outdated
9
10%
Under review
5
5%
Estimated
26
28%
Demo
0
0%
Modelled outputs
22
24%
User inputs
0
0%
Missing (catalogue × 5 countries)
135
Limited/unknown comparability
10 indicators
Outdated (>3y old)
11
Unverified sources
3/6
Tracked values = country data values + model assumptions + modelled output types. A demo value becomes verified by updating its record in the registry — no change to the app is needed.
Data layer
Free public services AXIOM queries, stores for reuse and cites. Gaps stay MISSING.
World Bank Indicators API
No key needed
IMF World Economic Outlook (SDMX)
No key needed
IMF Government Finance Statistics (SDMX)
No key needed
DBnomics aggregator
No key needed
OECD regional statistics (via DBnomics)
No key needed
Eurostat regional accounts (via DBnomics)
No key needed
UNDP Human Development Report — composite indices time series
No key needed
WHO Global Health Observatory (OData API)
No key needed
ILOSTAT (ILO SDMX API)
No key needed
IMF outlook
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Regional output & government finance
Province-level output and regional government money from the OECD's regional datasets, for the country picked above. Countries outside the dataset stay MISSING.
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Recent fetches
| When | Source | Status | Rows | Version |
|---|
Trade, tariffs & investment
Bilateral trade by product, agreements, tariffs, barriers and direct investment. Every figure names its source; anything unpublished stays MISSING — tariffs are never shown as zero.
Trade by product chapter, 2024
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Direct investment positions — South Africa
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Agreements covering both
No agreement between these two in the WTO register loaded in AXIOM.
Product lookup & tariffs into United Kingdom
Health, safety & product rules notified by United Kingdom
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Quotas and trade disputes are not included: the WTO does not offer them on the free key.
Trade in services — South Africa
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Source registry
ILO · ilo
ILOSTAT
- Reference period
- 2024
- Published
- —
- Region
- SACU
- Frequency
- Annual
- Reliability
- UNRATED
- Last verified
- Never
Supports: Unemployment, Youth unemployment, Employment, Labour force participation
Figures entered for development; not yet checked against the publication.
United Nations · comtrade
UN Comtrade
- Reference period
- 2023
- Published
- —
- Region
- SACU
- Frequency
- Annual
- Reliability
- UNRATED
- Last verified
- Never
Supports: Exports, Imports, Trade balance, Major trading partners, Trade concentration
Figures entered for development; not yet checked against the publication.
SACU Secretariat · sacu
SACU Annual Report
- Reference period
- 2023
- Published
- —
- Region
- SACU
- Frequency
- Annual
- Reliability
- UNRATED
- Last verified
- Never
Supports: SACU receipts, Public debt
Figures entered for development; not yet checked against the publication.
World Bank · wdi
World Development Indicators
- Reference period
- 2024
- Published
- —
- Region
- SACU
- Frequency
- Annual
- Reliability
- UNRATED
- Last verified
- 2026-10-12
Supports: GDP, GDP per capita, Poverty ($2.15/day), Gini coefficient, Life expectancy, Unemployment, FDI inflows, Domestic investment, Electricity access, Water access, Internet access
Figures entered for development; not yet checked against the publication.
IMF · imf-weo
World Economic Outlook
- Reference period
- 2024
- Published
- —
- Region
- SACU
- Frequency
- Annual
- Reliability
- UNRATED
- Last verified
- Never
Supports: GDP growth, Inflation, Public debt, GDP, Exchange rate, Government revenue, Government expenditure, Fiscal balance
Figures entered for development; not yet checked against the publication.
UNDP · undp-hdr
Human Development Report
- Reference period
- 2024
- Published
- —
- Region
- SACU
- Frequency
- Annual
- Reliability
- UNRATED
- Last verified
- Never
Supports: Human Development Index
Figures entered for development; not yet checked against the publication.
Indicator catalogue
| Indicator | Unit | Definition | Sources | Year | Comparability | Data |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Macroeconomic | ||||||
| GDP | US$ bn | Gross domestic product at current US$. National accounts converted at annual average exchange rates. | wdi, imf-weo (alt) | 2023 | HIGH Exchange-rate swings can distort year-to-year comparisons. | In use |
| GDP growth | % | Annual % change in real GDP. Constant-price national accounts; IMF estimates for latest year. | imf-weo | 2024 | HIGH Latest year is often an estimate and revised later. | In use |
| GDP per capita | US$ | GDP divided by mid-year population, current US$. WDI series; not adjusted for purchasing power. | wdi | 2023 | HIGH Not PPP-adjusted, so living-standard comparison is approximate. | In use |
| Inflation | % | Annual average % change in consumer prices. National CPI baskets. | imf-weo | 2024 | MEDIUM Basket weights differ by country. | In use |
| Public debt | % GDP | General government gross debt, % of GDP. IMF WEO fiscal series. | imf-weo, sacu (alt) | 2024 | LIMITED Coverage (central vs. general government, SOE guarantees) differs. | In use |
| SACU receipts | % of revenue | SACU revenue-pool receipts as share of government revenue. Derived from budget documents and SACU transfers. | sacu | 2023 | LIMITED Fiscal years and revenue definitions differ; South Africa manages the pool. | In use |
| Exchange rate | LCU per US$ | Official annual average exchange rate. | imf-weo | — | HIGH | Missing |
| Policy interest rate | % | Central bank policy rate (CMA members track SARB). | — | — | MEDIUM | Missing |
| Government revenue | % GDP | General government revenue. | imf-weo | — | MEDIUM | Missing |
| Government expenditure | % GDP | General government total expenditure. | imf-weo | — | MEDIUM | Missing |
| Fiscal balance | % GDP | General government net lending/borrowing. | imf-weo | — | MEDIUM | Missing |
| Labour | ||||||
| Unemployment | % | Share of labour force without work, available and seeking. National labour-force surveys. | ilo, wdi (alt) | 2023 | LIMITED Countries differ on strict vs. expanded definitions and survey years. | In use |
| Youth unemployment | % | Unemployment rate for ages 15–24 (some surveys 15–34). National labour-force surveys; ILO modelled estimates where missing. | ilo | 2023 | LIMITED Age bands and survey years differ across members. | In use |
| Employment | thousand persons | Persons employed (labour-force survey). | ilo | — | LIMITED | Missing |
| Labour force participation | % | Share of working-age population in the labour force. | ilo | — | MEDIUM | Missing |
| Human development | ||||||
| Human Development Index | index | UNDP composite of health, education and income. Geometric mean of three normalised dimension indices. | undp-hdr | 2022 | HIGH UNDP recalculates back-series each edition. | In use |
| Life expectancy | years | Life expectancy at birth, years. UN population estimates. | wdi | 2022 | MEDIUM Modelled where vital registration is incomplete. | In use |
| Household income | US$ per capita | Mean household disposable income per capita. | — | — | LIMITED | Missing |
| Education (mean years of schooling) | years | Average years of schooling, adults 25+. | — | — | HIGH | Missing |
| Health (under-5 mortality) | per 1,000 | Under-5 mortality rate. | — | — | HIGH | Missing |
| Water access | % population | Access to at least basic drinking water. | wdi | — | HIGH | Missing |
| Internet access | % population | Individuals using the internet. | wdi | — | MEDIUM | Missing |
| Poverty ($2.15/day) | % | Share of population below the World Bank international poverty line (current WDI vintage: $3.00/day, 2021 PPP). Household income/consumption surveys. | wdi | 2022 | LIMITED Survey years differ by country (2015–2022); compare with care. | In use |
| Gini coefficient | index | Gini index of income/consumption inequality (0–100). Household surveys. | wdi | 2022 | LIMITED Survey years differ by country (2015–2022); compare with care. | In use |
| Trade | ||||||
| Exports | % GDP | Exports of goods and services. | comtrade | — | HIGH | Missing |
| Imports | % GDP | Imports of goods and services. | comtrade | — | HIGH | Missing |
| Trade balance | % GDP | Exports minus imports of goods and services. | comtrade | — | HIGH | Missing |
| Major trading partners | list | Top destinations and origins by value. | comtrade | — | MEDIUM | Missing |
| Trade concentration | HHI index | Herfindahl-Hirschman index of export products. | comtrade | — | MEDIUM | Missing |
| Investment | ||||||
| FDI inflows | % GDP | Net foreign direct investment inflows. | wdi | — | MEDIUM | Missing |
| Domestic investment | % GDP | Gross fixed capital formation. | wdi | — | HIGH | Missing |
| Energy | ||||||
| Generation capacity | MW | Installed electricity generation capacity. | — | — | HIGH | Missing |
| Electricity consumption | kWh per capita | Final electricity consumption per person. | — | — | HIGH | Missing |
| Electricity access | % population | Population with access to electricity. | wdi | — | HIGH | Missing |
| Infrastructure | ||||||
| Roads | km per 100 km² | Paved road density. | — | — | LIMITED | Missing |
| Rail | route-km | Operational rail network length. | — | — | MEDIUM | Missing |
| Ports | TEU / year | Container port throughput. | — | — | MEDIUM | Missing |
| Airports | passengers / year | Air passengers carried. | — | — | MEDIUM | Missing |
| Digital infrastructure | index | ITU ICT development index. | — | — | UNKNOWN | Missing |
Data version demo-2026.10. Comparability: HIGH directly comparable · MEDIUM methodological differences · LIMITED important differences · UNKNOWN not yet established.
Model registry
elasticity · v0.3 · assumptions-0.3
SACU policy elasticity model
Linear lever-to-outcome elasticities with lag profiles, applied to each country baseline. Illustrate direction and rough size of policy effects for deliberation. Not a forecast.
Author Policy Intelligence Platform team · released 2026-10-12 · maturity PROTOTYPE · NOT VALIDATED
Inputs
- Country baseline indicators
- 21 policy levers
- Baseline and target year
- Generic fiscal, trade and investment baselines
Outputs
- GDP, growth, GDP per capita
- Employment, unemployment, youth unemployment
- Revenue, expenditure, balance, debt
- Exports, imports, trade balance
- FDI, domestic investment
- Poverty, Gini, household income, education, health
- Electricity demand, infrastructure gap
Limitations
- Linear elasticities; no general-equilibrium feedbacks, prices or exchange rates.
- Coefficients are illustrative literature-range values, not estimated for SACU.
- Fiscal and trade baselines are generic estimates, not country data.
- No financing constraint: debt rises mechanically with spending.
- Regional spill-overs to other SACU members are not modelled numerically.
Assumptions
| Assumption | Central | Range | Status | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lever effectiveness (scales all coefficients) | 1 × | 0.5–1.5 | ESTIMATED | Coefficients carry roughly ±50% uncertainty; not estimated locally. |
| Unemployment fall per unit of job effect | 0.4 pp | 0.25–0.55 | ESTIMATED | How much new work reduces measured unemployment vs. drawing in new entrants. |
| Unemployment fall per pp extra growth (Okun-type) | 0.3 pp | 0.15–0.45 | ESTIMATED | South Africa historically shows a weak growth–jobs link. |
| Poverty fall per pp extra growth per year | 0.3 pp | 0.15–0.45 | ESTIMATED | Depends on how growth is distributed. |
| Youth unemployment response relative to total | 1.3 × | 1–1.6 | ESTIMATED | Youth unemployment is typically more cyclical. |
| Revenue gain per pp extra growth | 0.25 % GDP | 0.15–0.35 | ESTIMATED | Generic tax buoyancy. |
| Baseline revenue | 27 % GDP | 22–32 | ESTIMATED | Generic regional estimate, not country data. |
| Baseline expenditure | 31 % GDP | 26–36 | ESTIMATED | Generic regional estimate, not country data. |
| Baseline exports | 30 % GDP | 25–40 | ESTIMATED | Generic regional estimate, not country data. |
| Baseline imports | 33 % GDP | 28–45 | ESTIMATED | Generic regional estimate, not country data. |
| Medium-lag full-effect period | 5 years | 3–8 | ESTIMATED | Time for investment and programmes to take full effect. |
Validation
No validation records yet. The model must not be described as validated until historical tests (predicted vs actual, error, period, method) are stored here.